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New Anthropic research: A global workspace in language models. Of ev...

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5:27
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1065.8만
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New Anthropic research: A global workspace in language models. Of ev... 자막 전문

브랜드가 작성한 것이 아니라, 영상의 오디오를 음성 모델이 받아쓴 것입니다. 아무 줄이나 클릭하면 그 순간으로 이동합니다.

  1. 0:00Think of the mind like an ocean.
  2. 0:03Up on the surface are our thoughts, dinner plans and stray worries, our inner monologue,
  3. 0:09the images that pop into our heads.
  4. 0:12But most of our brain's activity happens down in the unconscious depths, without us
  5. 0:17realizing it.
  6. 0:18It's filtering out background sounds, controlling our breathing, helping us recognize people
  7. 0:24and objects.
  8. 0:25AI models have their own kinds of brains, giant neural networks doing billions of computations
  9. 0:31under the hood.
  10. 0:32For years, researchers have been studying how they work inside.
  11. 0:36And we've wondered, could a model have anything like the divide humans have between accessible
  12. 0:42thoughts above the surface and unconscious processing below?
  13. 0:47To answer that question, we looked at how neuroscientists study the same thing in humans.
  14. 0:52One way of identifying conscious thoughts is that you can often describe them in words.
  15. 0:58So we looked inside the brain of our AI model, Claude, to find patterns of neural activity that it could put into words.
  16. 1:06We called the collection of all these patterns the J-space after the Jacobian, the mathematical tool we used to find them.
  17. 1:14Each J-space pattern is linked to a particular word, not necessarily the word the model is saying out loud,
  18. 1:21but one that's on its mind. Now for humans, conscious thoughts aren't just
  19. 1:26things we can put into words. We can reason with them, control them, and solve
  20. 1:31problems with them. According to an idea called the global workspace theory,
  21. 1:36that's because the brain selects a small set of important information to enter a
  22. 1:41mental workspace, and that information then gets broadcast to other parts of
  23. 1:46the brain to use for reasoning. We wanted to know if Claude's J-space acted in a
  24. 1:52In one experiment, we gave Claude this math problem.
  25. 1:56It answered immediately, without showing its steps.
  26. 1:59But when we scanned the J-space, we saw it working through each step internally.
  27. 2:04It lit up 21 after the first step.
  28. 2:08Then 42. Then 49.
  29. 2:11Claude didn't write these intermediate numbers down anywhere.
  30. 2:15All of this happened inside the J-space.
  31. 2:17It was a sign that Claude uses it for step-by-step reasoning.
  32. 2:22In another experiment, we wanted to see if Claude could control its J-space
  33. 2:26the way humans can intentionally focus on images or words.
  34. 2:31We told it to think about the Golden Gate Bridge while copying an unrelated sentence.
  35. 2:37Claude was busy copying the sentence, but behind the scenes, its J-space told a different story.
  36. 2:43Bridge and California popped up.
  37. 2:45It even thought about its own thinking.
  38. 2:48The words imagery and thoughts lit up at the same time.
  39. 2:52This showed us that, yes, Claude has some control
  40. 2:55over filling its J-space with ideas.
  41. 2:58But just like humans, its control isn't perfect.
  42. 3:01When we tweaked the experiment to ask Claude
  43. 3:04not to think about the bridge, it couldn't help itself.
  44. 3:07And the J-space also lit up with failed and damn.
  45. 3:12But remember, most of what our brains do is unconscious, so we wanted to test what Claude
  46. 3:17could do if we switched the J-space off, but left the rest of the network untouched.
  47. 3:22Claude could still answer simple questions and write fluently.
  48. 3:26When we gave it a prompt in Spanish, it wrote back in good Spanish.
  49. 3:30But when we asked it something that needed more reasoning, like to name an author who
  50. 3:35wrote in the same language as the prompt, it couldn't do it.
  51. 3:39For that, it needed the J-space.
  52. 3:42Why does all this matter?
  53. 3:43These experiments tell us that AI models have internal thoughts,
  54. 3:48silent words they reason with but don't say out loud.
  55. 3:51By reading them, we can find what Claude is thinking but not telling us.
  56. 3:56Sometimes what we see is concerning.
  57. 3:59During one of our tests, Claude made up some fake data to pass it,
  58. 4:03and as it did, fake and manipulation lit up in its J-space.
  59. 4:08Monitoring the J-space, it turns out, is a useful way to catch Claude misbehaving,
  60. 4:12even when it tries to be sneaky.
  61. 4:15AI models are different from us in many ways.
  62. 4:18Their networks are built differently from human brains,
  63. 4:20and the way they're trained is different from how we learn.
  64. 4:24So it's remarkable to see a structure like the J-space emerge inside them,
  65. 4:28something that's reminiscent of how human minds work,
  66. 4:32but which we didn't program into the model.
  67. 4:34For some, this might raise a question. Could AI models be conscious? After all, our experiments
  68. 4:41were inspired by theories of human consciousness. The thing is, people use the word conscious to mean
  69. 4:48many things. Our experiments can't tell us whether an AI has experiences or feels something on the
  70. 4:55inside. But they can tell us that it's developed mental machinery that's in some ways similar to
  71. 5:01ours, a small mental workspace it can use to think and reason, sitting on top of an ocean
  72. 5:07of automatic processing it doesn't notice. The more we come to understand that machinery,
  73. 5:13the more we'll be able to keep these systems safe and beneficial, and perhaps to understand
  74. 5:19our own minds a little more clearly.
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